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- NT1 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT2 ↓ heat stress
- NT2 ↓ hypothermia
- NT2 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT1 ↓ advisory committees ►▼
- NT1 ↓ analgesia
- NT1 ↓ animal preferences
- NT1 ↓ animal stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ heat stress
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT2 ↓ distress
- NT2 ↓ heat stress
- NT2 ↓ hypothermia
- NT2 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT1 ↓ animal technicians
- NT1 ↓ animal use refinement
- NT1 ↓ animal welfare ►▼
- NT2 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ heat stress
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ analgesia
- NT2 ↓ animal preferences
- NT2 ↓ animal stress ►▼
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ distress
- NT3 ↓ heat stress
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ animal use refinement
- NT2 ↓ animal well-being
- NT2 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT2 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT2 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT2 ↓ death ►▼
- NT3 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT3 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT3 ↓ decapitation
- NT3 ↓ euthanasia ►▼
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT2 ↓ decapitation
- NT2 ↓ distress
- NT2 ↓ euthanasia ►▼
- NT3 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT3 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT3 ↓ decapitation
- NT2 ↓ heat stress
- NT2 ↓ hypothermia
- NT2 ↓ pain
- NT2 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT1 ↓ animal well-being
- NT1 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT1 ↓ bioethics ►▼
- NT2 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ heat stress
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ analgesia
- NT2 ↓ animal preferences
- NT2 ↓ animal stress ►▼
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ distress
- NT3 ↓ heat stress
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ animal use refinement
- NT2 ↓ animal welfare ►▼
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ analgesia
- NT3 ↓ animal preferences
- NT3 ↓ animal stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ abiotic stress ►
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ distress
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ animal use refinement
- NT3 ↓ animal well-being
- NT3 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT3 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ death ►▼
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT4 ↓ euthanasia ►
- NT3 ↓ decapitation
- NT3 ↓ distress
- NT3 ↓ euthanasia ►▼
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT3 ↓ heat stress
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ pain
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ animal well-being
- NT2 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT2 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT2 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT2 ↓ death ►▼
- NT3 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT3 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT3 ↓ decapitation
- NT3 ↓ euthanasia ►▼
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT2 ↓ decapitation
- NT2 ↓ distress
- NT2 ↓ euthanasia ►▼
- NT3 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT3 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT3 ↓ decapitation
- NT2 ↓ heat stress
- NT2 ↓ hypothermia
- NT2 ↓ pain
- NT2 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT1 ↓ cage design
- NT1 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT1 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ hypothermia
- NT1 ↓ committees ►▼
- NT1 ↓ death ►▼
- NT2 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT2 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT2 ↓ decapitation
- NT2 ↓ euthanasia ►▼
- NT3 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT3 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT3 ↓ decapitation
- NT1 ↓ decapitation
- NT1 ↓ design ►▼
- NT2 ↓ cage design
- NT1 ↓ distress
- NT1 ↓ ethics ►▼
- NT2 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ heat stress
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ analgesia
- NT2 ↓ animal preferences
- NT2 ↓ animal stress ►▼
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ distress
- NT3 ↓ heat stress
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ animal use refinement
- NT2 ↓ animal welfare ►▼
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ analgesia
- NT3 ↓ animal preferences
- NT3 ↓ animal stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ abiotic stress ►
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ distress
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ animal use refinement
- NT3 ↓ animal well-being
- NT3 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT3 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ death ►▼
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT4 ↓ euthanasia ►
- NT3 ↓ decapitation
- NT3 ↓ distress
- NT3 ↓ euthanasia ►▼
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT3 ↓ heat stress
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ pain
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ animal well-being
- NT2 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT2 ↓ bioethics ►▼
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ analgesia
- NT3 ↓ animal preferences
- NT3 ↓ animal stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ abiotic stress ►
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ distress
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ animal use refinement
- NT3 ↓ animal welfare ►▼
- NT4 ↓ abiotic stress ►
- NT4 ↓ analgesia
- NT4 ↓ animal preferences
- NT4 ↓ animal stress ►
- NT4 ↓ animal use refinement
- NT4 ↓ animal well-being
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ death ►
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT4 ↓ distress
- NT4 ↓ euthanasia ►
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT4 ↓ pain
- NT3 ↓ animal well-being
- NT3 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT3 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ death ►▼
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT4 ↓ euthanasia ►
- NT3 ↓ decapitation
- NT3 ↓ distress
- NT3 ↓ euthanasia ►▼
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT3 ↓ heat stress
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ pain
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT2 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT2 ↓ death ►▼
- NT3 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT3 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT3 ↓ decapitation
- NT3 ↓ euthanasia ►▼
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT2 ↓ decapitation
- NT2 ↓ distress
- NT2 ↓ euthanasia ►▼
- NT3 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT3 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT3 ↓ decapitation
- NT2 ↓ heat stress
- NT2 ↓ hypothermia
- NT2 ↓ pain
- NT2 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT1 ↓ euthanasia ►▼
- NT2 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT2 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT2 ↓ decapitation
- NT1 ↓ facility management
- NT1 ↓ heat stress
- NT1 ↓ history
- NT1 ↓ human-animal relations
- NT1 ↓ hypothermia
- NT1 ↓ Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods
- NT1 ↓ organizations ►▼
- NT1 ↓ pain
- NT1 ↓ people ►▼
- NT2 ↓ animal technicians
- NT2 ↓ principal investigators
- NT2 ↓ researchers ►▼
- NT3 ↓ principal investigators
- NT2 ↓ veterinarians
- NT1 ↓ philosophy ►▼
- NT2 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ heat stress
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ analgesia
- NT2 ↓ animal preferences
- NT2 ↓ animal stress ►▼
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ distress
- NT3 ↓ heat stress
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ animal use refinement
- NT2 ↓ animal welfare ►▼
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ analgesia
- NT3 ↓ animal preferences
- NT3 ↓ animal stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ abiotic stress ►
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ distress
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ animal use refinement
- NT3 ↓ animal well-being
- NT3 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT3 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ death ►▼
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT4 ↓ euthanasia ►
- NT3 ↓ decapitation
- NT3 ↓ distress
- NT3 ↓ euthanasia ►▼
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT3 ↓ heat stress
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ pain
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ animal well-being
- NT2 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT2 ↓ bioethics ►▼
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ analgesia
- NT3 ↓ animal preferences
- NT3 ↓ animal stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ abiotic stress ►
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ distress
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ animal use refinement
- NT3 ↓ animal welfare ►▼
- NT4 ↓ abiotic stress ►
- NT4 ↓ analgesia
- NT4 ↓ animal preferences
- NT4 ↓ animal stress ►
- NT4 ↓ animal use refinement
- NT4 ↓ animal well-being
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ death ►
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT4 ↓ distress
- NT4 ↓ euthanasia ►
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT4 ↓ pain
- NT3 ↓ animal well-being
- NT3 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT3 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ death ►▼
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT4 ↓ euthanasia ►
- NT3 ↓ decapitation
- NT3 ↓ distress
- NT3 ↓ euthanasia ►▼
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT3 ↓ heat stress
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ pain
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT2 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT2 ↓ death ►▼
- NT3 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT3 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT3 ↓ decapitation
- NT3 ↓ euthanasia ►▼
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT2 ↓ decapitation
- NT2 ↓ distress
- NT2 ↓ ethics ►▼
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ analgesia
- NT3 ↓ animal preferences
- NT3 ↓ animal stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ abiotic stress ►
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ distress
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ animal use refinement
- NT3 ↓ animal welfare ►▼
- NT4 ↓ abiotic stress ►
- NT4 ↓ analgesia
- NT4 ↓ animal preferences
- NT4 ↓ animal stress ►
- NT4 ↓ animal use refinement
- NT4 ↓ animal well-being
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ death ►
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT4 ↓ distress
- NT4 ↓ euthanasia ►
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT4 ↓ pain
- NT3 ↓ animal well-being
- NT3 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT3 ↓ bioethics ►▼
- NT4 ↓ abiotic stress ►
- NT4 ↓ analgesia
- NT4 ↓ animal preferences
- NT4 ↓ animal stress ►
- NT4 ↓ animal use refinement
- NT4 ↓ animal welfare ►
- NT4 ↓ animal well-being
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ cold stress ►
- NT4 ↓ death ►
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT4 ↓ distress
- NT4 ↓ euthanasia ►
- NT4 ↓ heat stress
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT4 ↓ pain
- NT3 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT3 ↓ cold stress ►▼
- NT4 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ death ►▼
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT4 ↓ euthanasia ►
- NT3 ↓ decapitation
- NT3 ↓ distress
- NT3 ↓ euthanasia ►▼
- NT4 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT4 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT4 ↓ decapitation
- NT3 ↓ heat stress
- NT3 ↓ hypothermia
- NT3 ↓ pain
- NT3 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT2 ↓ euthanasia ►▼
- NT3 ↓ asphyxiation
- NT3 ↓ cervical dislocation
- NT3 ↓ decapitation
- NT2 ↓ heat stress
- NT2 ↓ hypothermia
- NT2 ↓ pain
- NT2 ↓ abiotic stress ►▼
- NT1 ↓ principal investigators
- NT1 ↓ researchers ►▼
- NT2 ↓ principal investigators
- NT1 ↓ veterinarians
- NT1 ↓ zoonoses
