Given versus new information is a distinction between information that is assumed or supplied by the speaker and that which is presented for the first time.
The distinction between given and new information may affect the structure of clauses, sentences , and discourses .
Prince, Ellen F. 1981. "Toward a taxonomy of given-new information." In Cole, P. 1981 223–255.
Crystal, David. 1985.A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics. 2nd edition. New York: Basil Blackwell.