Particle
A particle is a word that
- does not belong to one of the main classes of words
- is invariable in form, and
- typically has grammatical or pragmatic meaning.
The usage of the term particle varies. Some authorities include English prepositions and even English articles as particles.
- to (in marking infinitives)
- up (in set up)
- not
- well
- oh
Schourup, Lawrence C. 1983.Common discourse particles in English conversation. Working Papers in Linguistics 28. Ohio: Ohio State University Department of Linguistics. 9683101704.
Richards, Jack, John Platt, and Heidi Weber. 1985.Longman dictionary of applied linguistics. Harlow, Essex, England: Longman.
Pei, Mario A., and Frank Gaynor. 1954.A dictionary of linguistics. New York: Philosophical Library.
Mish, Frederick (editor). 1991.Webster's ninth new collegiate dictionary. Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster. 1,564 pages. 0877795088; indexed 0877795096; deluxe 087779510X.
Hartmann, R.R.K., and F.C. Stork. 1972.Dictionary of language and linguistics. London: Applied Science.
Crystal, David. 1987.The Cambridge encyclopedia of language. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University.
Crystal, David. 1985.A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics. 2nd edition. New York: Basil Blackwell.
Broader Terms
- BT↑ Lexical Category
- BT↑ Word
More specific terms
- NT2 ↓ Verbal Particle
Related terms
- RT⇆ Yes-No Question
- ExactMatch: https://glossary.sil.org/term/particle
