This competency refers to the knowledge, capabilities and responsibilities associated with the NASA Metrology and Calibration Program. It requires an understanding of the science of measurement and the comparing of a standard of known accuracy with a unit of test and measuring equipment (TME) for the purpose of detecting, correlating, reporting, or eliminating by adjustment any deviation in the accuracy of the unit being compared. It requires application of traceability principles and uncertainty analyses in relating those measurements to National standards, intrinsic standards, derived standards, or acceptable measurement systems through an unbroken chain of comparisons. This competency also includes understanding calibration laboratory requirements, their origin and purpose, application to contracts, use in auditing and surveillance, implementation in management and quality systems, and the impact of deficiencies, such as, out-of-tolerance TME.